Scope of Variables

• All variables in a program may not be accessible at all locations in that program.
• This depends on where we have declared a variable.
• The scope of a variable determines the portion of the program where we can access a particular identifier.

There are two basic scopes of variables in Python −

• Global variables
• Local variables

Example 1: Printing global variable outside the function

glb_var = "global"
def var_function():
    lcl_var = "local"
    print(lcl_var)
var_function()
print(glb_var)
   
Output
local
global

Example 2: Printing global variable inside and outside the function

glb_var = "global"
def var_function():
    lcl_var = "local"
    print(lcl_var)
    print(glb_var)
var_function()
print(glb_var)
Output
local
global
global

Let’s look at another example where we use the same variable name for a global variable and a local variable:

num1 = 5
def my_function():
    num1 = 10
    num2 = 7
    print(num1)
    print(num2)
my_function()
print(num1)
 
Output
10
7
5

Inside the function num1 has the value 10 since it is locally assigned and outside the function num1 has the value 5 since it has global value.

We can create a global variables within a function by using Python’s global statement as follows:

def new_shark(): global shark shark = "Sammy" new_shark() print(shark) Output: Sammy

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